雅思寫(xiě)作高分必備技能——同義改寫(xiě)

中國(guó)教育在線小編為大家收集整理了雅思寫(xiě)作高分必備技能——同義改寫(xiě)，那么接下來(lái)就跟著小編一起來(lái)看看，相信你通過(guò)以下的文章內(nèi)容就會(huì)有更深入的了解。

一、同義替換舉例

例句：Paraphrasing is one of the most important skills to learn before doing your IELTS test.

改寫(xiě): Prior to taking the IELTS test, mastering paraphrasing is one of the most crucial things to do.

改寫(xiě)句通過(guò)同義詞替換、改變語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、調(diào)整語(yǔ)序表達(dá)了與原句同樣的意思。詞匯方面，crucial=important, prior=before；語(yǔ)法方面，mastering paraphrasing = paraphrasing；語(yǔ)序方面，將原句before的部分前置。這樣的改寫(xiě)十分充分，目標(biāo)高分考生應(yīng)練習(xí)同時(shí)使用多種方式改寫(xiě)句子。下面介紹常用的4種方式。

二、4種常用改寫(xiě)方法

1. 同義詞替換

這是大家最為熟悉的改寫(xiě)方式，通過(guò)使用同義詞來(lái)改述原句。例如：

原句：My car needs petrol.

改寫(xiě)：My vehicle requires fuel.

改寫(xiě)句盡可能多地替換了原句重點(diǎn)詞匯。短短4個(gè)詞的句子換了3個(gè)詞，充分展示了詞匯能力。又如：

原句：Global warming is mostly caused by emissions from internal combustion engines.

改寫(xiě)：Climate change is mainly caused by the release of fumes from motor vehicles.

同義詞替換是最簡(jiǎn)單常用的改寫(xiě)方式，但一定要注意用詞準(zhǔn)確，很多詞意思相近而非相同，導(dǎo)致意思表達(dá)有誤影響理解，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致LR失分。例如：

原句：Violent crime is on the rise among teenagers.

改寫(xiě)不當(dāng)：Violent offences are rising among young people.

改寫(xiě)句用young people替換了teenagers，這兩個(gè)詞意思相似，但children、young adults以及18-30歲的人都可以稱為young people，所以更準(zhǔn)確的替換應(yīng)該是adolescents或 young people between the ages of 13-19.

正確改寫(xiě)：Violent offences are rising among adolescents.

小結(jié)：考生應(yīng)只用自己100% 確定其準(zhǔn)確性的詞匯來(lái)進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)，否則很可能出錯(cuò)失分。

2.調(diào)整語(yǔ)序

調(diào)整語(yǔ)序也是改寫(xiě)句子的有效方式，但一定要確認(rèn)語(yǔ)序改變不會(huì)產(chǎn)生語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，還是要遵循100%原則：不100%確定改了之后不出錯(cuò)，就不要改，準(zhǔn)確和多樣性一樣重要。調(diào)整語(yǔ)序等方式包括加詞、減詞、改變?cè)~性等。

（1）原句有從句時(shí)，改變從句順序即可

題目句：As languages such as Spanish, Chinese and English become more widely used, there is a fear that many minority languages may die out.

語(yǔ)序改寫(xiě)：There is a fear that many minority languages may die out, as languages such as Spanish, Chinese and English become more widely used.

也可以通過(guò)增加一些同義詞進(jìn)行更充分的改寫(xiě)：

題目句：As languages such as Spanish, Chinese and English become morewidely used, there is a fear that many minority languages may die out.

語(yǔ)序同義替換改寫(xiě)：There is dismay that many lesser used languages maypass away, as languages such as Chinese, English and Spanish become more broadly spoken.

（2）形容詞改為定語(yǔ)從句

題目句：Learning to manage money is one of the key aspects to adult life.

定語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)：Learning to manage money is one of the aspects to adult life that is key.

3.改變?cè)~性

英語(yǔ)詞匯有不同的形式，包括名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。改變?cè)~性是有效的改述方式，改后一定要注意維持語(yǔ)法的準(zhǔn)確性。

題目句：Longer life spans and improvements in the health of older peoplesuggest that people over the age of sixty-five can continue to live full and active lives.

詞性改寫(xiě)句：Longer life spans and improvements in the health of older people are suggesting that people over the age of sixty-five can continue living full and active lives.

4.主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換

題目句：The property developers invested $20 million in the development of the shopping centre.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改寫(xiě)句: $20 million was invested in the development of shopping centres.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主要用于表達(dá)非個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，例如：

主動(dòng)句：People say that global warming is caused by the burning of fossil fuels.

被動(dòng)句：Global warming is said to be caused by the burning of fossil fuels.

三、怎樣使用上述改寫(xiě)方法

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