Modern Dance托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

Modern Dance托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

一、Modern Dance托福聽力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in a dance history class.MALE PROFESSOR:As we've been studying,ballet,classical ballet,is based on formalized movements:specific positioning of the arms,of the feet,and the body.So,now let's move on to modern dance,also known as"theatrical dance." Modern dance evolved in the late nineteenth-early twentieth century,and in most cases,audiences were very receptive to this radical new type of performing art.

FEMALE STUDENT:Um,what made modern dance so radical?MALE PROFESSOR:Well,for example,I think the best analogy to modern dance is modern art or modern music. Compared to their classical predecessors,these newer art forms are freer,more experimental,more improvisational.

Modern dance seeks to show how deep emotions...and the music itself...how these intangible attributes can affect and inspire physical movement and how movement can convey emotions to the audience.As-as I said,in classical ballet,emotions are conveyed through a set of strictly formalized movements.Now,a pioneer of modern dance was Isadora Duncan,who was born in 1878...Isadora Duncan did study ballet briefly as a child,but she quickly developed her own unique style,which she called"free dance."And,by age fourteen,she was teaching her free dance to young children and giving recitals.

Her early dance technique was loosely based on the natural movements of children:running,skipping,acting out stories;also on motions from nature:uh,waves crashing onto shore,trees swaying in the wind.Her expressive gestures were motivated from within rather than being dictated by strict technique.

Duncan also wore her hair down;ballerinas typically wear their hair in a tight bun behind the head. And instead of the short stiff skirts and rigid toe shoes worn by ballerinas,Duncan wore loose,flowing tunics,and she danced barefoot.Now,that was something her audiences had never seen before!

Duncan performed in Paris and other European cities,dancing to the music of classical composers but avoiding set movements and steps.No two performances were alike,and audiences,for the most part,adored her.

In 1904,she opened a school of modern dance in Berlin. And the next year,she performed in Russia. But...the Russian critics were not very kind.Some said Duncan's art form was closer to pantomime than to dance. But,her style was a clear rebellion against ballet,and ballet is extremely important in Russia.A question,Julie?

FEMALE STUDENT:Yeah,what did Duncan have against ballet?I mean,she studied it as a child...MALE PROFESSOR:As a youngster,she may have found it too restrictive,uh,not creative enough. I think that feeling is exemplified by something that happened...early in her career...in Russia.Duncan attended a ballet,and the lead dancer was the renowned Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova.The following day,Pavlova invited Duncan to watch her practice.

Duncan accepted but was appalled by what she saw.To her,the exercises that Pavlova and the other ballerinas were doing seemed painful,even harmful—standing on tiptoe for hours,moving their bodies in unnatural ways.After seeing this,Duncan publicly denounced ballet as a form of acrobatics—um,complicated and excruciating mechanism,...she called it.This critique generated,I think,some undue rivalry between ballet and modern dance.And it would take a long time,many years in fact,for that rivalry to calm down.

二、Modern Dance托福聽力中文翻譯：

旁白：在舞蹈歷史課上聽一節(jié)課的一部分。男教授：正如我們所研究的，芭蕾舞，古典芭蕾舞，是基于形式化的動(dòng)作：手臂、腳和身體的特定位置。那么，現(xiàn)在讓我們來看看現(xiàn)代舞，也被稱為“戲劇舞蹈”&nbsp；現(xiàn)代舞蹈是在十九世紀(jì)末二十世紀(jì)初發(fā)展起來的，在大多數(shù)情況下，觀眾對(duì)這種激進(jìn)的新型表演藝術(shù)都非常接受。

女生：嗯，是什么讓現(xiàn)代舞如此激進(jìn)？男教授：例如，我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代舞最好的類比是現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)或現(xiàn)代音樂&nbsp；與他們的古典前輩相比，這些新的藝術(shù)形式更自由、更具實(shí)驗(yàn)性、更具即興性。

現(xiàn)代舞試圖表現(xiàn)出深沉的情感。。。音樂本身。。。這些無形屬性如何影響和激發(fā)身體運(yùn)動(dòng)，以及運(yùn)動(dòng)如何向觀眾傳達(dá)情感。正如我所說，在古典芭蕾舞中，情感是通過一系列嚴(yán)格形式化的動(dòng)作來傳達(dá)的。現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)是伊莎多拉·鄧肯，她出生于1878年。。。伊莎多拉·鄧肯（IsadoraDuncan）小時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)過芭蕾舞，但她很快就形成了自己獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格，她稱之為“自由舞”14歲時(shí)，她開始教孩子們自由舞，并舉行獨(dú)奏會(huì)。

她早期的舞蹈技巧大致基于孩子們的自然動(dòng)作：跑、跳、表演故事；還有來自大自然的運(yùn)動(dòng)：海浪拍岸，樹木在風(fēng)中搖擺。她的表情來自內(nèi)心，而不是嚴(yán)格的技巧。

鄧肯也把頭發(fā)梳下來；芭蕾舞演員通常把頭發(fā)緊緊地扎在腦后&nbsp；鄧肯穿著寬松飄逸的束腰外衣，赤腳跳舞，而不是芭蕾舞演員穿的短裙和硬腳趾鞋?，F(xiàn)在，這是她的觀眾從未見過的！

鄧肯在巴黎和其他歐洲城市表演，隨著古典作曲家的音樂跳舞，但避免固定動(dòng)作和舞步。沒有兩場演出是一樣的，大部分觀眾都崇拜她。

1904年，她在柏林開辦了一所現(xiàn)代舞學(xué)校&nbsp；第二年，她在俄羅斯演出&nbsp；但是俄羅斯的批評(píng)者并不友善。有人說鄧肯的藝術(shù)形式更接近于啞劇而非舞蹈&nbsp；但是，她的風(fēng)格顯然是對(duì)芭蕾舞的反叛，芭蕾舞在俄羅斯極為重要。問個(gè)問題Julie？

女生：是的，鄧肯對(duì)芭蕾舞有什么看法？我是說，她小時(shí)候?qū)W的。。。男教授：作為一個(gè)年輕人，她可能會(huì)覺得它太狹隘了，呃，不夠有創(chuàng)意&nbsp；我認(rèn)為這種感覺可以從發(fā)生的事情中得到體現(xiàn)。。。在她的職業(yè)生涯早期。。。在俄羅斯。鄧肯參加了一個(gè)芭蕾舞團(tuán)，領(lǐng)隊(duì)是著名的俄羅斯芭蕾舞演員安娜·巴甫洛娃。第二天，巴甫洛娃邀請(qǐng)鄧肯觀看她的練習(xí)。

鄧肯接受了，但被她所看到的震驚了。對(duì)她來說，巴甫洛娃和其他芭蕾舞演員所做的練習(xí)似乎很痛苦，甚至是有害的，踮著腳尖數(shù)小時(shí)，以不自然的方式移動(dòng)身體?？吹竭@一點(diǎn)后，鄧肯公開譴責(zé)芭蕾舞是一種雜技，嗯，復(fù)雜而痛苦的機(jī)制，。。。她叫它。我認(rèn)為，這種批評(píng)在芭蕾舞和現(xiàn)代舞之間產(chǎn)生了一些不正當(dāng)?shù)母偁帯Ｊ聦?shí)上，這場對(duì)抗需要很長時(shí)間，很多年才能平息下來。

三、Modern Dance托福聽力問題：

Q1:1.What is the lecture mainly about?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.Differences between apical ballet and modem dance

B.Ways in which modern dance changed during the twentieth century

C.Factors that limited Isadora Duncan's opportunities to perform

D.A pioneer of a new type of performing art

Q2:2.Why does the professor mention modern art and modern music?

A.To illustrate how different art forms can interact with one another

B.To identity some characteristics shared by all forms of artistic expression

C.To explain that modem dance also broke with traditions

D.To compare the attitudes of European and American critics to modern dance

Q3:3.What were two characteristics of Isadora Duncan's dance performances?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.She danced to contemporary musical compositions.

B.She wore free-flowing costumes.

C.She used set designs inspired by nature.

D.She danced without shoes.

Q4:4.Why does the professor mention that Duncan watched Anna Pavlova practice?

A.To help explain how Duncan’s opinion of ballet was formed

B.To show how modern dance began to spread throughout the works

C.To reinforce the importance of dancers working together

D.To help explain why Duncan decided to become a professional dancer

Q5:5.What does the professor imply about the rivalry between classical ballet and modern dance?

A.Audiences have generally been unaware of it.

B.Critics tend to exaggerate Duncan's role in it.

C.It is not as strong now as it was in Duncan's time.

D.It increased as modern dance became more popular than classical ballet.

Q6:6.Why does the professor say this?

A.To explain why Duncan was invited to perform in Russia.

B.To indicate that the Russian government strongly supported ballet.

C.To explain why there were more dance critics in Russia than in most other countries.

D.To help explain why Duncan’s style was not appreciated by some dance critics.

四、Modern Dance托福聽力答案：

A1:正確答案：AD

A2:正確答案：C

A3:正確答案：BD

A4:正確答案：A

A5:正確答案：C

A6:正確答案：D

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