雅思考試閱讀材料推薦：“二手酒”的危害

雅思考試閱讀材料推薦：“二手酒”的危害，要考好雅思的閱讀部分，肯定需要多加練習(xí)。今天中國(guó)教育在線就來(lái)為大家分析這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

閱讀材料1：雅思考試閱讀材料推薦：“二手酒”的危害

關(guān)于“二手煙”的危害，很多人都已經(jīng)很清楚了。那么，你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)“二手酒”嗎?其實(shí)“二手酒”的危害也是不容忽視的喔。

Secondhand drinking(SHD)is a term used to describe the ripple effects of a person’s alcohol misuse on families,co-workers,fellow students and society at large.

“二手酒”(secondhand drinking)指某人過(guò)度飲酒之后對(duì)家人、同事、同學(xué)以及整個(gè)社會(huì)帶來(lái)的一系列影響。

For example,friends and family members are the ones who have to try keep that person safe,watch after them if they pass out,clean up after them if they puke in their car,get over their feelings of being hurt by the mean things they’d said the night before while drunk,live with the constant fighting about the drinking behaviors.

比如，朋友和家人得想辦法保證飲酒人的安全;喝醉睡過(guò)去以后得在身邊看護(hù)他們;如果不幸他們?cè)谲?chē)上吐了，還得幫忙清理;要是喝醉的人頭天晚上說(shuō)了什么傷人的話(huà)，也得自己慢慢消化;同時(shí)要不斷跟對(duì)方的飲酒行為作斗爭(zhēng)。

Something most of us do not fully understand is the physical and emotional consequence to the health of a family member or friend caused by repeatedly dealing with secondhand drinking(SHD).It is one thing if this is an occasional happenstance(although even that can be catastrophic–being the victim of a drunk driver,for example),but when it is ongoing–as is the case for family members or friends who live with or love an alcohol abuser or alcoholic–the emotional and physical health consequences can be significant.

我們很多人對(duì)于反復(fù)應(yīng)對(duì)“二手酒”對(duì)家人和朋友產(chǎn)生的生理和心理影響并不是很了解。偶爾飲酒過(guò)度可能影響不至于很惡劣(當(dāng)然，酒后駕車(chē)的影響可能是致命的)，但是，如果你的家人或愛(ài)人恰巧是個(gè)嗜酒如命的人，那么由此產(chǎn)生的生理和心理問(wèn)題就可能會(huì)很?chē)?yán)重。

閱讀材料2：

Biologists in Japan have cloned 581 mice from one original donor mouse,Livescience reported.The scientists made the mice over 25 generations of cloning;that is,from making clones from clones from clones,25 times over。

根據(jù)Livescience的報(bào)道，日本生物學(xué)家用一只小鼠的基因供體克隆出581只小鼠。這些科學(xué)家們克隆了25代小鼠，即：用克隆鼠克隆新的小鼠，一共克隆了25次。

They could probably make animal clones indefinitely,the research team wrote in a paper published last week in the journal Cell Stem Cell。

研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在上周發(fā)表在《干細(xì)胞》期刊中的論文稱(chēng)，他們很有可能會(huì)讓動(dòng)物無(wú)休無(wú)止地克隆下去。

Really.Check out the last sentence of their abstract:"Our results show that repeatediterative recloning is possible and suggest that,with adequately efficient techniques,it may be possible to reclone animals indefinitely."

是這樣嗎?我們來(lái)看看論文摘要的一句話(huà)：“我們的研究結(jié)果證明多代克隆是可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。如果技術(shù)到位，那么克隆出無(wú)窮多代的動(dòng)物都是可能的?！?/p>

The 581 cloned mice were made using an improved version of somatic cell nuclear transfer,the technique that created Dolly the cloned sheep in 1996.這581只小鼠是用改進(jìn)后的體細(xì)胞克隆技術(shù)克隆得到的，這一技術(shù)最早是在1996年克隆多莉時(shí)發(fā)明的。

Previously,researchers using somatic nuclear cell transfer would get fewer and fewer animals every time they tried to make a clone from a clone.Eventually,they wouldn't get any new clones at all.Cloned mammals also often died sooner than their non-clonedcounterparts。

在此之前，運(yùn)用體細(xì)胞克隆技術(shù)反復(fù)克隆動(dòng)物時(shí)，被克隆的動(dòng)物數(shù)量會(huì)越來(lái)越少，直到最終無(wú)法克隆出新動(dòng)物為止。被克隆出的哺乳動(dòng)物也會(huì)比非克隆的同類(lèi)動(dòng)物死得更早。

The cloning team protected the mice's DNA from the genetic abnormalities they(the humans)think reduced the efficiency of previous cloning efforts.The researchers didn't lose any cloning efficiency over their 25 generations,they reported,and their cloned mice lived normal lifespans of about two years。

這支研究團(tuán)隊(duì)保護(hù)了小鼠的基因，使其不發(fā)生基因異常。他們認(rèn)為，基因異常正是降低克隆形成率的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。研究者稱(chēng)，這25代小鼠的克隆過(guò)程中克隆形成率并沒(méi)有降低，小鼠的壽命也很正常，約能生存兩年時(shí)間。

Cloning could help reproduce animals for farming or conservation,Sayaka Wakayama,a biologist at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology who led the cloning study,said in a statement。

日本理化研究所的生物學(xué)家若山清香是這次研究的負(fù)責(zé)人，他在一個(gè)聲明中提到，克隆技術(shù)可以繁殖動(dòng)物，為農(nóng)業(yè)和動(dòng)物保護(hù)服務(wù)。

This isn't the first time Wakayama has made some big strides in cloning.He previously cloned mice from bodies of mice that had been frozen for 16 years。

這已經(jīng)不是若山清香在克隆技術(shù)上的個(gè)重大成就了。此前他曾經(jīng)以一只冰凍了16年的小鼠為供體克隆出了一只小鼠。

今天“雅思考試閱讀材料“二手酒”的危害”的全部?jī)?nèi)容就是這些啦,各位小伙伴根據(jù)自己的情況進(jìn)行查閱，希望本文對(duì)各位有所幫助，預(yù)祝各位取得滿(mǎn)意的成績(jī)，

>> 雅思 托福 免費(fèi)課程學(xué)習(xí)，AI量身規(guī)劃讓英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)不再困難<<